A Complete Guide to Form N-400

Naturalization is a pivotal step for immigrants in the United States who wish to become full citizens, enjoying all the rights and responsibilities that come with it. The primary instrument in this process is Form N-400, Application for Naturalization. At Rebecca Black Immigration, PA, we understand that the journey to citizenship can be overwhelming, filled with legal intricacies, documentation requirements, and personal concerns. This comprehensive guide aims to demystify the process, helping you understand, prepare, and submit Form N-400 with confidence.

What is Form N-400?

Form N-400 is the official application used by lawful permanent residents (green card holders) to apply for U.S. citizenship through the process of naturalization. It is filed with the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS).

Key Objectives of Form N-400:

• Demonstrate eligibility for naturalization.
• Provide detailed biographical information.
• Verify continuous residence and physical presence in the U.S.
• Record moral character, affiliations, and background.

Who is Eligible to File Form N-400?

Eligibility for naturalization depends on several factors. Here are the primary eligibility requirements:

1. Age Requirement
   • Must be at least 18 years old at the time of filing.
2. Permanent Resident Status
   • Generally, applicants must have held a green card for at least 5 years.
   • For those married to a U.S. citizen, the requirement is typically 3 years.
3. Continuous Residence
   • Must have continuously resided in the U.S. for the required period.
4. Physical Presence
   • Must be physically present in the U.S. for at least half of the required residency period.
5. Good Moral Character
   • Applicants must demonstrate good moral character for the statutory period (3 or 5 years).
6. English Language and Civics Knowledge
   • Must pass a test in English and U.S. history/government unless eligible for an exemption.
7. Oath of Allegiance
   • Must be willing to take the Oath of Allegiance to the United States.

How to Complete Form N-400: A Section-by-Section Breakdown

Part 1: Information About Your Eligibility

You will indicate the basis for your eligibility (5-year LPR, 3-year LPR married to a U.S. citizen, military service, etc.).

Part 2: Information About You

This includes your legal name, any aliases, date of birth, country of birth, and other biographical data.

Part 3: Information to Contact You

You will provide your daytime phone number, email address, and mailing address.

Part 4: Information About Your Residence

List every address where you have lived for the past 5 years.

Part 5: Information About Your Parents

This section helps determine whether you might be a U.S. citizen through your parents.

Part 6: Information for Criminal Records and Employment History

Here, you’ll outline your work and school history, as well as trips taken outside the U.S. in the past 5 years.

Part 7: Time Outside the United States

You’ll report any trips abroad, including dates and durations.

Part 8: Information About Your Marital History

Detail your current and past marital status, including spouse(s) information.

Part 9: Information About Your Children

List all children, including biological, adopted, or stepchildren.

Part 10: Additional Information About You

This section asks about affiliations, military service, criminal history, and more.

Part 11: Your Signature

You must certify the accuracy of your application.

Part 12: Signature and Contact Information of the Preparer

If you use an attorney or accredited representative, they will complete this section.

Common Challenges and Mistakes When Filing Form N-400

1. Incomplete Information
   • USCIS may reject or delay your application due to missing or incomplete answers.
2. Failure to Disclose Arrests or Convictions
   • Even expunged or minor offenses must be disclosed. Failure to do so can be considered misrepresentation.
3. Incorrect Filing Fee
   • As of 2025, the standard filing fee is $640 plus an $85 biometrics fee, totaling $725. Check USCIS for updates.
4. Inadequate English or Civics Preparation
   • Study materials are available from USCIS, and our law firm offers additional support if needed.
5. Unqualified Absences
   • Spending too much time outside the U.S. can break continuous residence.
6. Poor Moral Character Findings
   • Issues such as unpaid taxes, failure to pay child support, or false testimony can affect your application.

Biometrics Appointment and USCIS Interview

After submitting Form N-400, you will receive a Notice for Biometrics Appointment, where your fingerprints, photo, and signature will be taken.

The Naturalization Interview Includes:

• Review of your Form N-400.
• English language test (reading, writing, speaking).
• Civics test (knowledge of U.S. history and government).

Our attorneys at Rebecca Black Immigration, PA, help prepare clients for the interview with mock sessions and guidance tailored to your case.

Exemptions and Accommodations

Some applicants may qualify for:

• English Language Exemption if you are over a certain age and have lived in the U.S. for a long time.
• Medical Disability Exception with Form N-648.
• Special Consideration for Military Applicants.

After the Interview: Approval, Denial, or Continuance

Approval: You will receive a notice for the Oath Ceremony.

Denial: You will be given reasons for denial and may appeal the decision using Form N-336.

Continuance: If more information is needed or you failed the test but are eligible for a second attempt.

Oath Ceremony and Becoming a U.S. Citizen

The final step is taking the Oath of Allegiance at a naturalization ceremony. Once you do, you’ll receive your Certificate of Naturalization and officially become a U.S. citizen.

Benefits of Citizenship:

• Voting rights.
• Eligibility for federal jobs.
• Ability to sponsor relatives.
• U.S. passport eligibility.

Why Choose Rebecca Black Immigration, PA?

Our law firm is committed to guiding immigrants through every step of the naturalization process with:

• Personalized Legal Strategy.
• Experienced Immigration Attorneys.
• Support for Complicated Cases (criminal history, tax issues, etc.).
• Multilingual Services.
• Comprehensive Interview Preparation.

Whether you’re filing for yourself or a loved one, our team ensures your Form N-400 is accurate, complete, and compelling. Let us help you realize your American dream.

Final Thoughts

Form N-400 is more than just paperwork—it is your bridge to becoming a full-fledged participant in the American democratic process. Mistakes and misunderstandings can delay or derail your citizenship journey. At Rebecca Black Immigration, PA, we offer the expertise, care, and commitment needed to make the naturalization process smooth and successful.

Ready to apply for U.S. citizenship? Contact us today to schedule your consultation.