What To Do If You Receive a Notice to Appear (NTA)

Receiving a Notice to Appear (NTA) from the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) can be a life-altering moment. For many immigrants, it signals the beginning of removal (deportation) proceedings. However, an NTA is not the end of the road. At Rebecca Black Immigration, PA, we want you to understand your rights, your options, and the critical steps you must take to protect yourself and your family.

What Is a Notice to Appear (NTA)?

An NTA is a legal document that initiates removal proceedings against a noncitizen in the United States. It outlines the government’s allegations and the legal basis for removal. The notice will include:

• Your name and personal information
• The factual allegations (e.g., overstaying a visa, criminal charges, unlawful entry)
• The legal charges against you
• The requirement to appear before an immigration judge on a specific date

Step 1: Do Not Ignore the NTA

The most crucial step is to act quickly. Ignoring an NTA will not make it disappear. Failing to appear in court can result in an automatic removal order in absentia, which is extremely difficult to overturn.

Step 2: Consult with an Experienced Immigration Attorney Immediately

You have a right to legal counsel at your own expense. Seeking advice from a reputable immigration attorney, like those at Rebecca Black Immigration, PA, is essential. We will help you:

• Understand the specific allegations and charges
• Assess whether you qualify for relief from removal
• Build a strong defense tailored to your unique situation

Step 3: Review the NTA for Errors

NTAs can contain factual inaccuracies or legal errors. For example, the address may be incorrect, or the charges may be legally insufficient. An experienced attorney can determine if the NTA can be challenged or even dismissed on procedural grounds.

Step 4: Prepare for the Master Calendar Hearing

This initial court appearance is where the immigration judge confirms your identity, explains your rights, and sets the schedule for future hearings. You do not present your full case at this time, but it is crucial to be well-prepared and professionally represented.

Step 5: Explore All Forms of Relief

Several legal avenues might be available to prevent removal, such as:

• Asylum, withholding of removal, or protection under the Convention Against Torture (CAT)
• Adjustment of status (if married to a U.S. citizen, for example)
• Cancellation of removal (for lawful permanent residents or certain non-permanent residents)
• Deferred Action or Temporary Protected Status (TPS)

Each form of relief has strict eligibility criteria, and the burden of proof is on the immigrant. A lawyer can help you determine the best strategy.

Step 6: Stay Informed and Comply with All Court Requirements

You must attend all hearings and comply with court deadlines. Missing even one hearing can have serious consequences. Keep your address updated with both the court and DHS to ensure you receive all notices.

Step 7: Maintain Documentation and Evidence

Organize documents that support your case, such as:

• Identity documents (passport, birth certificate, I-94)
• Marriage and family records
• Proof of employment or community ties
• Evidence of hardship or persecution, if seeking asylum or cancellation of removal

Frequently Asked Questions About Notices to Appear (NTA)

1. What happens if I never received the NTA in the mail?
   You may still be ordered removed in your absence. If you believe an NTA was issued but not received, consult an attorney immediately to check your immigration court status.

2. How do I find out if I have an upcoming hearing?
   You can call the EOIR Automated Case Information hotline at 1-800-898-7180 or check online using your A-number.

3. Can I travel while removal proceedings are pending?
   Travel is risky and usually discouraged. Leaving the U.S. may be considered self-deportation and could result in a reentry bar.

4. Will the government provide me with a free immigration lawyer?
   No, there is no public defender system in immigration court. You must hire your own attorney or seek pro bono services.

5. Can I work legally while in removal proceedings?
   It depends on your immigration status or if you are eligible for a work permit through a pending application (e.g., asylum or adjustment of status).

6. Can I marry a U.S. citizen to stop my removal?
   Marriage can help but does not automatically stop deportation. A waiver and other legal filings are often required.

7. What is a bond hearing, and can I request one?
   If detained, you may be eligible for a bond hearing to seek release from immigration custody. Your attorney can file a motion with the immigration judge.

8. How long do removal proceedings take?
   The timeline can vary from months to years depending on the court’s backlog and complexity of your case.

9. What if I have children who are U.S. citizens?
   Their citizenship may factor into certain relief options like cancellation of removal, but it doesn’t automatically stop removal.

10. Can I apply for asylum after receiving an NTA?
    Yes, but you must apply within the legal timeline and meet the criteria. It’s best to work with an attorney.

11. What is the difference between a Master Calendar Hearing and an Individual Hearing?
    The Master Calendar Hearing is preliminary; the Individual Hearing is where your full case is presented.

12. Can criminal charges lead to deportation?
    Yes. Even minor convictions can make you removable. Seek legal counsel if you have a criminal record.

13. Can I reopen my case if I missed a hearing?
    Possibly. You must act quickly and provide valid reasons, like lack of notice or exceptional circumstances.

14. What should I wear to immigration court?
    Dress respectfully and conservatively—like you’re attending a job interview or church service.

15. Will my case be public?
    Immigration court hearings are generally open to the public unless involving sensitive issues like asylum.

16. Can I change attorneys during proceedings?
    Yes, as long as the court is notified and the new attorney is prepared to proceed.

17. How can I check the status of my case online?
    Visit the EOIR case status portal at https://acis.eoir.justice.gov and enter your A-number.

18. What is voluntary departure, and should I consider it?
    It allows you to leave the U.S. on your own terms without a formal removal order—but it must be requested and approved by the judge.

19. Can I appeal if the judge orders my removal?
    Yes, you have 30 days to file an appeal with the Board of Immigration Appeals (BIA).

20. Is it possible to win a case after receiving an NTA?
    Absolutely. Many immigrants successfully fight removal through legal defenses, waivers, and forms of relief with the help of a skilled attorney.

When to Call Rebecca Black Immigration, PA

If you have received an NTA or are concerned you might, call or contact us immediately. We have years of experience guiding clients through the complexities of immigration court. Your future is too important to leave to chance.

Let our legal team advocate for you and help you turn a moment of fear into a plan of action.